HOW COMPACT FLUORESCENT BULBS (CFL'S) WORK AND SAVES ENERGY?

As we know that great scientist Thomas Alva Edison gives us the light in 1879. CFL is also is one of the invention for the light that will be green and consume less energy. The incandescent light bulbs consume lot of energy and use some it, because these bulbs generate lot of heat. Only 10 percent of energy is used and rest of it waste in heat.  so we came up with this green science

ANSWER :- 

CFL (Compact Fluorescent Lamp) converts electrical energy to radiant energy. They are energy efficient and use better technology as compared to conventional tube lights and bulbs. It has two components:

a)      A glass tube filled with argon and mercury vapor & coated with a layer of fluorescent material.

b)      An electronic ballast circuit

The ballast circuit takes a 220 V input from external power source and sends a current into the fluorescent tube as output. When power supply is given to the CFL, filament attached with the cathode heats up and emits electrons in the tube. This ionizes the argon and mercury vapor particles.

And we can explain it in this way too. 

Instead of a glowing filament, CFLs contain argon and mercury vapor housed within a spiral-shaped tube.They also have an integrated ballast, which produces an electric current to pass through the vaporous mixture, exciting the gas molecules. Either way, when the gas gets excited, it produces ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet light, in turn, stimulates a fluorescent coating painted on the inside of the tube. As this coating absorbs energy, it emits visible light

This how CFLs saves energy

A standard incandescent light bulb produces light by heating a filament inside the bulb. Only a small amount of the energy used to operate a standard light bulb is turned into light, most is wasted as heat. A standard incandescent only produces around 15 lumens of light per input watt. On the other hand, spiral compact fluorescent light bulbs produce 50-100 lumens per input watt. Thus, 13 watt spiral compact fluorescents produce as much light as a standard 60 watt incandescent light bulb (over 75% less electricity for the same amount of light).